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  3. Thyroid eye disease or Graves ophthalmopathy

Thyroid eye disease or Graves ophthalmopathy

Findings:
No intra or extra-axial mass lesions or collections are identified. The ventricles and sulcal spaces are within normal limits and there is no midline shift. The midline structures are normal.
Brain densities are normal. No loss of the grey-white matter junction is seen.
Diffusely increased thickness of extraocular muscles, more prominently the inferior and medial rectus muscles, orbital apical crowding with impression on optic nerve sheath complex in both sides, and also remarkable bilateral proptosis (distance from the interzygomatic line to the anterior surface of the globe = ~ 28 mm).
Normal thickness and density of both optic nerves. No intra-or extraconal lesion is seen.
Mucosal thickening is seen in the paranasal sinuses bilaterally. The mastoid air cells are clear.
No bony abnormality is seen.

Conclusion:
Normal intracranial findings.
Thyroid eye disease with orbital apical crowding and bilateral exophthalmos.

Updated on 29. May 2023

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About the author

Dr Sara Mohebbi is a Consultant Radiologist (Facharzt für Radiologie) with sub-specialty training in neuroradiology. She served as Chief Resident at University Hospital Freiburg and is a member of the European Society of Radiology (ESR). Her clinical focus includes demyelinating disease, neuro-oncology, and vascular neuroimaging. Dr Mohebbi is the Clinical Lead at Radiology Prime, where she provides independent second opinion reports on brain and spine MRI.