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Herpes simplex encephalitis

Findings:
Areas of FLAIR/T2 hyperintensity are noted involving the left cingulate gyrus, the left parahippocampal gyrus and to a lesser extent the right parahippocampal gyrus, the left lingual gyrus, the left cerebral peduncle, the tegmentum of the pons, the anterior aspect of the pons, the superior cerebellar peduncles the right middle cerebellar peduncle. These areas show moderate diffusion restriction. No associated hemorrhage. No mass effect.
The ventricles and sulcal spaces are within normal limits. No midline shift.
The pituitary gland is normal.
The orbits, paranasal sinuses and mastoid air cells are clear.
No bony abnormality is seen.

Impression:
Abnormal high signal intensity in T2W and FLAIR sequences involving the parahippocampal gyri, the left cingulate gyrus, the midbrain and pons as well as the cerebellar peduncles, suggestive of inflammatory process, DDX herpes encephalitis. Further evaluation with CSF analysis and further follow-up is advised

Updated on 13. December 2023

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About the author

Dr Sara Mohebbi is a Consultant Radiologist (Facharzt für Radiologie) with sub-specialty training in neuroradiology. She served as Chief Resident at University Hospital Freiburg and is a member of the European Society of Radiology (ESR). Her clinical focus includes demyelinating disease, neuro-oncology, and vascular neuroimaging. Dr Mohebbi is the Clinical Lead at Radiology Prime, where she provides independent second opinion reports on brain and spine MRI.