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Spinal Degeneration/vertebral fracture

Findings:
Moderate amount of low T1 and low T2 signal periodontoid material, likely in keeping with osteoarthritis. No bone marrow oedema, no central canal stenosis.
The cord and conus are unremarkable, as is the cauda equina. The cord terminates at T12.

Moderate disc degeneration is seen in the cervical spine with decreased signal intensity of the intervertebral discs.
Multilevel disc bulging is seen at C3/4 – C6/7 without central canal stenosis. Additional osteoarthritis of the facet joints under uncovertebral joints with high-grade neural exit foraminal stenosis at C4/5 and C6/7 on the left side.

No significant degeneration or stenosis of the thoracic spine.

Scoliotic deformity of the lumbar spine With loss of physiological lumbar lordosis.
Old wedge compression fracture of L1 vertebra with 40% loss of height, without retropulsion. Also old fracture of L4 vertebrae is seen with frontal split and vertebral deformity (fish vertebra).
Mild, broad-based disc bulging is noted at T12/L1 to L2/3 without any relevant stenosis.

Grade 1 degenerative anterolisthesis is seen at L3/4 and L4/5 with consequential pseudo-disc and bilateral osteoarthritis of the facet joints with moderate central canal stenosis and neural exit foraminal stenosis at these levels bilaterally, without obvious nerve root impingement.
Minimal disc bulging and osteoarthritis of the facet joint is also seen at L5/S1 without any relevant stenosis.

Partially imaged left renal cyst. No further soft tissue pathology.

Conclusion:
Multilevel disc bulging and moderate degeneration of cervical spine with high-grade neural exit foraminal stenosis at C4/5 and C6/7 on the left side.
Scoliotic deformity of the thoracolumbar spine with loss of lumbar lordosis.
Old osteoporotic fractures of the L1 and L4 vertebrae.
Multilevel disc bulging and osteoarthritis of the facet joints in the lumbar spine with mild to moderate central canal stenosis at L3/4 and L4/5, without obvious nerve root impingement.

Updated on 6. April 2023

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About the author

Dr Sara Mohebbi is a Consultant Radiologist (Facharzt für Radiologie) with sub-specialty training in neuroradiology. She served as Chief Resident at University Hospital Freiburg and is a member of the European Society of Radiology (ESR). Her clinical focus includes demyelinating disease, neuro-oncology, and vascular neuroimaging. Dr Mohebbi is the Clinical Lead at Radiology Prime, where she provides independent second opinion reports on brain and spine MRI.